Izingxenye zokugxiviza zezimoto ezenziwe ngokwezifiso

Incazelo

Isebenza kanjani i-turbocharger

I-inertial ye-inertial ye-exhaust gas isetshenziswa i-turbocharger ukunika amandla i-turbine ngaphakathi kwegumbi le-turbine. I-coaxial impeller iqhutshwa yi-turbine. Ngokucindezela umoya ngaphakathi kwesilinda, i-impeller iyanyakaza futhi icindezela umoya ovela epayipini lokuhlunga umoya. Kokubili i-turbine ne-exhaust gas isivinini sikhuphuka ngokuhambisana nokwenyuka kwesivinini senjini. Umoya omningi ucindezelwa kusilinda nge-impeller. Uphethiloli owengeziwe ungashiswa ngenxa yokwanda komfutho womoya kanye nokuminyana. Amandla enjini angakhuphuka kanye nokwenyuka okuhambelana nophethiloli. Ama-Turbocharger angehlisa ukungcoliswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngenkathi ngesikhathi esifanayo enyusa ukuphuma kwenjini. Ngenxa yalokho, bathola ukunakwa okwengeziwe ezimotweni zesimanje.

Umqondo we-turbocharger uwukucindezela umoya ukuze kwenyuswe umthamo wenjini futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise ukusebenza kwenjini. Ikakhulukazi, i-turbine egumbini le-turbine iqhutshwa yi-turbocharger isebenzisa umfutho ongenayo wegesi yokukhipha ekhishwe enjinini. I-coaxial impeller iqhutshwa yi-turbine. Umoya ovela epayipini lokuhlunga umoya ucindezelwa, uthuthwe, futhi ucindezelwe yi-impeller ngaphambi kokungena kusilinda. Ngokukhuphula ukuminyana komoya nokucindezela, le nqubo ayigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenjini kodwa futhi ithuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla ngokwenza injini ikwazi ukushisa uphethiloli ngempumelelo.

Idizayini ye-turbocharger ihlanganisa ne-intercooler, epholisa umoya ocindezelwe wehlele kuzinga lokushisa elizungezile ngenxa yokuthi umoya uyashisa ngesikhathi sokuminyanisa. Umoya opholile uminyene futhi usebenzela inhloso yokuphoqa umoya owengeziwe enjinini, okuqhubekisela phambili ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenjini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe be-turbocharging buphinde bubandakanye izingxenye ezithile eziyinkimbinkimbi nezinhlelo, njengama-intercoolers, ama-valve okukhipha umoya, njll. Lezi zingxenye namasistimu akhelwe ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwe-turbocharger kanye nokwenza kahle kokusebenza kwenjini.